I went to a 345/30-19 rear tire, a difference of almost 2 inches in diameter, it changed the speedometer accuracy but not the odometer. I guess they get signals from different sources.
No matter from what source the 'signal' comes, a larger tire diameter would have to affect the reading of both 'meters' (given all other factors remained the same), wouldn't it? The speedo and odometer both reflect calculations based on the number of rotations the tire makes per engine rpm (so to speak)...and a larger diam. tire will obviously roll further per each rotation than a smaller diam one. So both the speed & miles indicated ought to be off.