If you have a nitrogen (N2) bottle (cheap from gas suppliers) available, go ahead and use it - mainly to reduce the water vapor present in compressed air. But, to totally remove all other gases, you'd have to evacuate the tire on the wheel to ensure removal of the initial gases in the tire, and I'm not sure that tire walls are designed for air to be sucked out. Pure carbon dioxide (CO2) would also work well, as it is relatively inert. The inert gases (Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton and Xenon) would be the least reactive, but more expensive (especially Helium, Krypton and Xenon).
I've never used any of the above (and don't ever expect to), as I tend to wear out tires much faster due to usage. For the garage queens in our membership, a nitrogen fill would probably be OK, but then, what about the OUTSIDE of the tire exposed to the air environment?
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The sea-level composition of dry air (in percent by volume at the temperature of 15°C (~60°F) and the pressure of 101325 Pa) is given below. Composition of dry atmosphere, by volume ppmv: parts per million by volume (note: volume fraction is equal to mole fraction for ideal gas only)
Major Constituents:
Nitrogen (N2) 780,840 ppmv (78.084%)
Oxygen (O2) 209,460 ppmv (20.946%)
Argon (Ar) 9,340 ppmv (0.9340%)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 383 ppmv (0.0383%)
Trace Constitiuents:
Neon (Ne) 18.18 ppmv (0.001818%)
Helium (He) 5.24 ppmv (0.000524%)
Methane (CH4) 1.745 ppmv (0.0001745%)
Krypton (Kr) 1.14 ppmv (0.000114%)
Hydrogen (H2) 0.55 ppmv (0.000055%)
Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 0.3 ppmv (0.00003%)
Xenon (Xe) 0.09 ppmv (9x10−6%)
Ozone (O3) 0.0 to 0.07 ppmv (0% to 7x10−6%)
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) 0.02 ppmv (2x10−6%)
Iodine (I) 0.01 ppmv (1x10−6%)
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 0.1 ppmv
Ammonia (NH3) trace
Air also contains a variable amount of water vapor, ~0.40% over full atmosphere, typically 1%-4% at surface on average, which will reduce the composition of each of the other components proportionately.